CVE-2025-31201
This issue was addressed by removing the vulnerable code. This issue is fixed in iOS 18.4.1 and iPadOS 18.4.1, macOS Sequoia 15.4.1, tvOS 18.4.1, visionOS 2.4.1. An attacker with arbitrary read and write capability may be able to bypass Pointer Authentication. Apple is aware of a report that this issue may have been exploited in an extremely sophisticated attack against specific targeted individuals on iOS.
do firstApply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.
Can a WAF block it? Partly. The bug can be reached over the network, so generic WAF rules may stop some attacks. Its weakness type is unknown, so we cannot be more precise.
Also consider: patch
Based on the weakness type only; no CVE-specific evidence yet. We check Cloudflare, AWS, Google Cloud Armor and Azure; for Akamai, Imperva, Fastly, F5, ask your vendor.
Is CVE-2025-31201 being exploited?
Yes. CVE-2025-31201 appears in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, which means exploitation in the wild has been confirmed and reported. Treat it as active rather than theoretical, and patch it ahead of higher-scoring vulnerabilities that carry no exploitation evidence.
How severe is CVE-2025-31201?
CVE-2025-31201 is rated Critical with a CVSS score of 9.8. Severity describes how bad exploitation would be, not how likely it is: pair it with exploitation evidence before deciding what to patch first.
Is there a patch for CVE-2025-31201?
Yes. A fix has been recorded for CVE-2025-31201. The vendor advisory is the authority on the exact fixed version — apply it from there rather than from a summary.
What does CVE-2025-31201 affect?
CVE-2025-31201 affects apple:macos, apple:tvos, apple:visionos, apple:ipados, and 1 further product or version. Confirm the exact affected versions against the vendor advisory before deciding you are exposed.
Exploitation status reflects CISA's KEV catalog as we last synced it. Check the catalog directly.
- affected< 18.4.1
- affected< 15.4.1
- affected< 18.4.1
- affected< 2.4.1
As published in the CVE Program record. A version outside these ranges is not a statement that it is unaffected — vendors sometimes understate a range, and distribution-backported builds carry upstream numbers that do not reflect what was patched into them.
cisa ssvc
- exploitation
- active
- automatable
- yes
- technical impact
- total
Assessed by CISA 25 Nov 2025 (SSVC 2.0.3).
timeline
- 16 Apr 2025Published
- 17 Apr 2025Added to CISA KEV (exploited in the wild) · same day later
- 8 May 2025CISA remediation due date (US federal agencies) · 21 days later
- 25 Nov 2025CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active · 201 days (about 7 months) later
- 2 Apr 2026CVE record last updated · 129 days (about 4 months) later
- 2 Nov 2026Analysed by vulneraibility.com · 214 days (about 7 months) later
- Linksupport.apple.com /en-us/122282
- Linksupport.apple.com /en-us/122400
- Linksupport.apple.com /en-us/122401
- Linksupport.apple.com /en-us/122402
- Linkcisa.gov /known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-31201
- Linkgithub.com /JGoyd/iOS-Attack-Chain-CVE-2025-31200-CVE-2025-31201/blob/main/Remote%20Crypto%
- Linkgithub.com /cisagov/vulnrichment/issues/200
- Linkseclists.org /fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/4
Show 4 more
- Linkseclists.org /fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/3
- Linkseclists.org /fulldisclosure/2025/Oct/0
- Linkseclists.org /fulldisclosure/2025/Jun/14
- Linkseclists.org /fulldisclosure/2025/Apr/26
sources
- CVE List (CVE.org): description, affected versions, references; CVE Terms of Use
- NVD: CVSS and CPE data
- CISA KEV catalog: exploitation, date added, due date
- CISA Vulnrichment (ADP): SSVC decision points
- FIRST EPSS: exploit probability and percentile
- Summary, impact and triage tags: written by our AI analysis pipeline from the sources above. Check them against the sources.