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vulnerability

CVE-2025-32756

9.8
Critical
KEV · Exploited in wildEPSS 31%Patch available

A stack-based buffer overflow vulnerability [CWE-121] vulnerability in Fortinet FortiCamera 2.1.0 through 2.1.3, FortiCamera 2.0 all versions, FortiCamera 1.1 all versions, FortiMail 7.6.0 through 7.6.2, FortiMail 7.4.0 through 7.4.4, FortiMail 7.2.0 through 7.2.7, FortiMail 7.0.0 through 7.0.8, FortiNDR 7.6.0, FortiNDR 7.4.0 through 7.4.7, FortiNDR 7.2.0 through 7.2.4, FortiNDR 7.0.0 through 7.0.6, FortiRecorder 7.2.0 through 7.2.3, FortiRecorder 7.0.0 through 7.0.5, FortiRecorder 6.4.0 through 6.4.5, FortiVoice 7.2.0, FortiVoice 7.0.0 through 7.0.6, FortiVoice 6.4.0 through 6.4.10 allows a remote unauthenticated attacker to execute arbitrary code or commands via sending HTTP requests with specially crafted hash cookie.

exploited
Yes, in CISA KEV since 14 May 2025fix by 4 Jun 2025 (CISA deadline for US federal agencies)unvetted proof-of-concept code on github
fix
Patch available see the advisory in the references
likelihood
EPSS 30.9%
Published 13 May 2025Analysed here 2 Nov 2026

do firstApply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

triage
server-sideruntimeWAF can block: partlyAV · networkCWE-121· Stack-Based Buffer OverflowCWE-787· Out-of-Bounds Write

Can a WAF block it? Partly. Cloudflare publishes WAF rules written for this CVE. Such rules block the known exploit requests and buy time, but attackers can change the request to get past them, so they do not replace the patch.

Also consider: patch · enable the vendor rule in block mode

Based on WAF vendor rules published for this CVE. We check Cloudflare, AWS, Google Cloud Armor and Azure; for Akamai, Imperva, Fastly, F5, ask your vendor.

cvss vector
attack vectornetworkattack complexitylowprivileges requirednoneuser interactionnonescopeunchangedconfidentialityhighintegrityhighavailabilityhigh
CVSS 3.1 · CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
common questions

Is CVE-2025-32756 being exploited?

Yes. CVE-2025-32756 appears in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, which means exploitation in the wild has been confirmed and reported. Treat it as active rather than theoretical, and patch it ahead of higher-scoring vulnerabilities that carry no exploitation evidence.

How severe is CVE-2025-32756?

CVE-2025-32756 is rated Critical with a CVSS score of 9.8. Severity describes how bad exploitation would be, not how likely it is: pair it with exploitation evidence before deciding what to patch first.

Is there a patch for CVE-2025-32756?

Yes. A fix has been recorded for CVE-2025-32756. The vendor advisory is the authority on the exact fixed version — apply it from there rather than from a summary.

What does CVE-2025-32756 affect?

CVE-2025-32756 affects fortinet:fortimail, fortinet:fortindr, fortinet:fortirecorder, fortinet:fortivoice, and 1 further product or version. Confirm the exact affected versions against the vendor advisory before deciding you are exposed.

Exploitation status reflects CISA's KEV catalog as we last synced it. Check the catalog directly.

executive summary
technical analysis
affected
fortinet:fortimailfortinet:fortindrfortinet:fortirecorderfortinet:fortivoicefortinet:forticamera_firmware
affected versions
Fortinet FortiCamera
  • affected>= 2.1.0 and <= 2.1.3
  • affected2.0.0
  • affected>= 1.1.0 and <= 1.1.5
Fortinet FortiMail
  • affected>= 7.6.0 and <= 7.6.2
  • affected>= 7.4.0 and <= 7.4.4
  • affected>= 7.2.0 and <= 7.2.7
  • affected>= 7.0.0 and <= 7.0.8
Fortinet FortiNDR
  • affected7.6.0
  • affected>= 7.4.0 and <= 7.4.7
  • affected>= 7.2.0 and <= 7.2.4
  • affected>= 7.1.0 and <= 7.1.1
  • affected>= 7.0.0 and <= 7.0.6
  • affected>= 1.5.0 and <= 1.5.3
  • affected1.4.0
  • affected>= 1.3.0 and <= 1.3.1
  • affected1.2.0
  • affected1.1.0
Fortinet FortiRecorder
  • affected>= 7.2.0 and <= 7.2.3
  • affected>= 7.0.0 and <= 7.0.5
  • affected>= 6.4.0 and <= 6.4.5
Fortinet FortiVoice
  • affected7.2.0
  • affected>= 7.0.0 and <= 7.0.6
  • affected>= 6.4.0 and <= 6.4.10

As published in the CVE Program record. A version outside these ranges is not a statement that it is unaffected — vendors sometimes understate a range, and distribution-backported builds carry upstream numbers that do not reflect what was patched into them.

public exploits

Unvetted proof-of-concept code on GitHub: 5 GitHub proofs of concept

GitHub proofs of concept
+1 more repositories

Listed so you can judge urgency, not as a recommendation to run anything. GitHub “proofs of concept” are unvetted: some are fake or carry malware. Exploit-DB marks the entries its staff verified.

cisa ssvc

exploitation
active
automatable
yes
technical impact
total

Assessed by CISA 15 May 2025 (SSVC 2.0.3).

timeline

  1. 13 May 2025Published
  2. 14 May 2025Added to CISA KEV (exploited in the wild) · same day later
  3. 15 May 2025CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active · 1 day later
  4. 18 May 2025First proof-of-concept repository on GitHub (unvetted) · 3 days later
  5. 4 Jun 2025CISA remediation due date (US federal agencies) · 17 days later
  6. 26 Feb 2026CVE record last updated · 268 days (about 9 months) later
  7. 2 Nov 2026Analysed by vulneraibility.com · 249 days (about 8 months) later
how to fix
Remediation steps are tailored for users whose stack is affected. Add this technology to your stack to see the fix checklist.
references
NVDCVE.orgCVE DetailsSource
2 references in the CVE record: 2 links

sources

  • CVE List (CVE.org): description, affected versions, references; CVE Terms of Use
  • NVD: CVSS and CPE data
  • CISA KEV catalog: exploitation, date added, due date
  • CISA Vulnrichment (ADP): SSVC decision points
  • FIRST EPSS: exploit probability and percentile
  • PoC-in-GitHub: GitHub repositories that claim a proof of concept
  • Summary, impact and triage tags: written by our AI analysis pipeline from the sources above. Check them against the sources.
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