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vulnerability

CVE-2025-21335

7.8
High
KEV · Exploited in wildEPSS 1%Patch available

Windows Hyper-V NT Kernel Integration VSP Elevation of Privilege Vulnerability

exploited
Yes, in CISA KEV since 14 Jan 2025fix by 4 Feb 2025 (CISA deadline for US federal agencies)
fix
Patch available see the advisory in the references
likelihood
EPSS 1.4%
Published 14 Jan 2025Analysed here 2 Nov 2026CVSS scored by the publisher (CNA)

do firstApply mitigations per vendor instructions or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

triage
server-sideruntimeWAF can block: noAV · localCWE-416· Use After Free

Can a WAF block it? No. The attack needs local access to the machine, so a WAF is not on its path.

Also consider: patch

Based on the attack vector (local or physical access). We check Cloudflare, AWS, Google Cloud Armor and Azure; for Akamai, Imperva, Fastly, F5, ask your vendor.

cvss vector
attack vectorlocalattack complexitylowprivileges requiredlowuser interactionnonescopeunchangedconfidentialityhighintegrityhighavailabilityhigh
CVSS 3.1 · CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
common questions

Is CVE-2025-21335 being exploited?

Yes. CVE-2025-21335 appears in CISA's Known Exploited Vulnerabilities catalog, which means exploitation in the wild has been confirmed and reported. Treat it as active rather than theoretical, and patch it ahead of higher-scoring vulnerabilities that carry no exploitation evidence.

How severe is CVE-2025-21335?

CVE-2025-21335 is rated High with a CVSS score of 7.8. Severity describes how bad exploitation would be, not how likely it is: pair it with exploitation evidence before deciding what to patch first.

Is there a patch for CVE-2025-21335?

Yes. A fix has been recorded for CVE-2025-21335. The vendor advisory is the authority on the exact fixed version — apply it from there rather than from a summary.

What does CVE-2025-21335 affect?

CVE-2025-21335 affects microsoft:windows_10_21h2, microsoft:windows_10_22h2, microsoft:windows_11_22h2, microsoft:windows_11_23h2, and 3 further products or versions. Confirm the exact affected versions against the vendor advisory before deciding you are exposed.

Exploitation status reflects CISA's KEV catalog as we last synced it. Check the catalog directly.

executive summary
technical analysis
affected
microsoft:windows_10_21h2microsoft:windows_10_22h2microsoft:windows_11_22h2microsoft:windows_11_23h2microsoft:windows_11_24h2microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2microsoft:windows_server_2025
affected versions
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 21H2
  • affected>= 10.0.19044.0 and < 10.0.19044.5371
Microsoft Windows 10 Version 22H2
  • affected>= 10.0.19045.0 and < 10.0.19045.5371
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H2
  • affected>= 10.0.22621.0 and < 10.0.22621.4751
Microsoft Windows 11 version 22H3
  • affected>= 10.0.22631.0 and < 10.0.22631.4751
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 23H2
  • affected>= 10.0.22631.0 and < 10.0.22631.4751
Microsoft Windows 11 Version 24H2
  • affected>= 10.0.26100.0 and < 10.0.26100.2894
Microsoft Windows Server 2022, 23H2 Edition (Server Core installation)
  • affected>= 10.0.25398.0 and < 10.0.25398.1369
Microsoft Windows Server 2025
  • affected>= 10.0.26100.0 and < 10.0.26100.2894
Microsoft Windows Server 2025 (Server Core installation)
  • affected>= 10.0.26100.0 and < 10.0.26100.2894

As published in the CVE Program record. A version outside these ranges is not a statement that it is unaffected — vendors sometimes understate a range, and distribution-backported builds carry upstream numbers that do not reflect what was patched into them.

cisa ssvc

exploitation
active
automatable
no
technical impact
total

Assessed by CISA 23 Jan 2025 (SSVC 2.0.3).

timeline

  1. 14 Jan 2025Added to CISA KEV (exploited in the wild)
  2. 14 Jan 2025Published · 1 day later
  3. 23 Jan 2025CISA SSVC assessment: exploitation active · 8 days later
  4. 4 Feb 2025CISA remediation due date (US federal agencies) · 12 days later
  5. 9 Jun 2026CVE record last updated · 491 days (about 1 year) later
  6. 2 Nov 2026Analysed by vulneraibility.com · 146 days (about 5 months) later
how to fix
Remediation steps are tailored for users whose stack is affected. Add this technology to your stack to see the fix checklist.
references
2 references in the CVE record: 1 patch, 1 link
  • Patchmsrc.microsoft.com /update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-21335
  • Linkcisa.gov /known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-21335

sources

  • CVE List (CVE.org): description, affected versions, references; CVE Terms of Use
  • NVD: CVSS and CPE data
  • CISA KEV catalog: exploitation, date added, due date
  • CISA Vulnrichment (ADP): SSVC decision points
  • FIRST EPSS: exploit probability and percentile
  • Summary, impact and triage tags: written by our AI analysis pipeline from the sources above. Check them against the sources.
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